Safety and risk management

This course covers the use of hazardous materials in the transportation industry.

Course OverviewIn this course, you will go through the following modules:General awareness and familiarization of HAZMAT regulationsHAZMAT training and requirements for the transportation industrySafety and emergency response trainingSecurity awareness


Module 1This module is a general overview of HAZMAT regulations and the different types of HAZMAT.


Disclaimer:This course is a general guide on HAZMAT regulations, labeling requirements, and other compliance measures implemented by the U.S. Department of Transportation. Processes may vary depending on your employer and your specific responsibilities.Refer to Title 49 of the Code of Federal Regulations for more comprehensive information on HAZMAT compliance.


InstructionsFollow the instructions at the bottom of the slides to navigate the course smoothly.


Ready?Tap the button below to start your training.


The HMTA was enacted to help ensure the safe and secure movement of hazardous materials in interstate, intrastate, and foreign commerce within the United States.


This act gives the Department of Transportation (DOT) the authority to regulate hazardous materials—from their creation to disposal. It covers all modes of transportation (e.g., air, sea, road, and rail).


The HMTA aims to provide adequate protection against the risks to life and property inherent in transporting hazardous materials in commerce.


CFR 49 outlines the regulations that are used to implement various federal transportation laws. This includes, but is not limited to, the HMTA.
Specifically, parts 100-185 of Title 49 focus on the transportation of hazardous materials and are often referred to as the Hazardous Materials Regulations (HMR).
Some of the important facets of this Code that will be discussed in this course are:
The different types of hazardous materials, their descriptions, and the classes they belong to.
Proper packing and labeling of hazardous materials and their restrictions.
Required markings and labeling, as well as placards.
Required documentation for shipping and transportation.


Title 49 of the Code of Federal Regulations(CFR 49)


Which modes of transportation does the HMTA cover?


Overview of HAZMAT Regulations

MODULE 1 | LESSON 2Types of Hazardous Materials


Lesson OverviewIn this lesson, we’ll discuss the following:The different types of hazardous materials, their descriptions, and classificationsThe hazardous materials table and its purpose


Ready?Tap the button below to start the lesson.


This is the correct answer. Class 9 is for Miscellaneous materials.


Which of the following HAZMAT labels are for Miscellaneous materials?


Tap the image to zoom in.Based on the HMT snapshot above, which column should you refer to if you want to know the limit of a material when transporting it via air?


Which of the following is not a purpose of the HMT?


Types of Hazardous Materials

In this module, we'll discuss the various procedures for the following requirements:ShippingMarking, labeling, and placardingPackaging


MODULE 2 | LESSON 1Shipping Papers and Documentation


Lesson OverviewIn this lesson, we’ll discuss the following:Requirements of shipping papersImportance of shipping papers


Prioritizing Hazardous Material DescriptionsWhen a shipping paper describes both hazardous and non-hazardous materials, the hazardous material must either be listed first, highlighted in a contrasting color, or marked with an “X” (or “RQ” if required).


Language and LegibilityShipping descriptions must be in English and legible, either manually or mechanically printed.


No AbbreviationsUnless specifically allowed, the shipping description cannot contain any codes or abbreviations.


Additional InformationAny extra details can be added as long as they don’t conflict with the required description, and they should appear after the basic description.


Electronic Papers for RailFor rail transport, electronic or telephonic submissions of shipping papers are allowed under certain conditions.


Which part of the shipping paper refers to the manual or mechanically printed English descriptions.


Shipping Papers and Documentation

MODULE 2 | LESSON 2Marks, Labels, and Placards


Lesson OverviewIn this lesson, we’ll discuss the following:
The significance of marking, labeling, and placarding HAZMAT shipments
How to correctly mark, label, and placard HAZMAT shipments


Marking and labeling are important steps when preparing a dangerous good package for transportation.
Labels often communicate the hazards associated with the package.Markings ensure the shipment is handled so that spills, accidents and exposure are prevented.
As such, they must be applied appropriately, reflect correct information, and comply with the regulations.


Marking and Labeling


Photo from LabelmasterDurable, in English, and printed on or affixed to the surface of a package or on a label, tag, or sign.


Displayed on a background of sharply contrasting color.


Located away from any other marking (such as advertising) that could substantially reduce its effectiveness.


TAKE A GUESS!What does the marking above refer to?


LocationPlacards are displayed on the outside of the transport vehicle (truck, train, ship, etc.) or on larger containers like freight containers or tanks.


SizeThe size of a placard is larger than labels. It's at least 250 mm or 9.84 inches on each side, making them visible from a distance.


DetailsPlacard details generally contain less detailed information compared to labels. Placards provide a quick identification of the hazard class of the material being transported.


VisibilityPlacards are designed to be visible from a distance to alert emergency responders and the public about the general type of hazard within the transport vehicle.


ApplicationApplying placards is generally required for larger quantities of hazardous materials and used in all modes of bulk transport (land, rail, air, sea).


RegulationsRequirements for placarding are specified in 49 CFR Part 172, Subpart F.


Marks, Labels, and Placards

Lesson OverviewIn this lesson, we’ll discuss the following:
Packaging guidelines by class or division
Packaging guidelines by Packing Group (PG)
Packaging tips for transporting HAZMAT by air


Class 1: Explosives Use specified, tested containers designed to mitigate risks of accidental detonation.


Class 2: GasesUse high-pressure cylinders, tubes, or cryogenic receptacles.Some gases require specific ventilation or gas permeability features.


Class 3: Flammable LiquidsUse drums, jerricans, or other containers made of materials that won’t react with the flammable liquid.Vapor and liquid-tight sealing is mandatory.


Class 4: Flammable Solids; Spontaneously Combustible; Dangerous When WetPackaging should be leak-proof for solids and liquids.Packaging should contain the material safely even if it becomes wet or starts to spontaneously combust.


Class 5: Oxidizers and Organic PeroxidesUse materials that are compatible and won’t react with oxidizers or organic peroxides.Must be sealed tightly to avoid moisture infiltration.


Material CompatibilityAll packing groups require that packaging materials be compatible with the hazardous material.
Performance TestingThe higher the packing group (i.e., PG I), the more stringent the performance testing requirements.
SealingAll require secure sealing, but the standards might vary depending on the packing group.
Labeling and MarkingThe packaging must always be properly labeled and marked, but the specifics can vary based on the packing group.
Quantity LimitsPG I often has the most restrictive limits on the amount of material that can be packaged together.
It’s crucial to consult the specific sections of 49 CFR Part 173 and other relevant regulations to understand the exact packaging requirements for each Packing Group.
These regulations offer more detailed guidelines and conditions that need to be met for the safe transportation of hazardous materials.


General Guidelines for Packing Groups


This PG often requires performance testing but might involve fewer or less severe criteria.


Check the segregation tables of 49 CFR § 175.78. Be sure not to pack HAZMATs with incompatible dangerous goods that may react harmfully with other HAZMATs.
Carefully follow the information in the package closure instructions. Package manufacturers test UN specification packages with the materials listed in the closure instructions. A variation from the manufacturer’s closure instructions could compromise the integrity of the package and result in non-compliance.
Ensure that your completed package does not exceed the tested weight of the package (in kilograms).


Packaging Tips When Transporting HAZMAT by Air


Packaging

In this module, we will cover the general safety measures in cases of HAZMAT spillage and contamination. Specifically, we will discuss the following:Emergency Response Guidebook (ERG)Personal protective measures


MODULE 3 | LESSON 1Emergency Response Procedures


Lesson OverviewIn this lesson, we’ll discuss general HAZMAT safety measures as outlined in the Emergency Response Guidebook (ERG).


As a HAZMAT employee, understanding the ERG is crucial for safely handling and responding to incidents involving hazardous materials.
There are color coded pages that reference different parts of the guidebook.
Let’s learn how to use the ERG properly.
Tap the button below to learn how.


The Emergency Response Guidebook (ERG)


The Yellow Pages in the ERG serve as a quick reference for identifying hazardous materials based on their 4-digit UN/NA identification numbers.


When you encounter an unknown substance, you can look up this ID number to get an initial understanding of what you’re dealing with. The information is arranged numerically, making it easier to find the specific material in question.


The Orange Pages are the heart of the ERG, providing detailed safety guidelines and emergency response actions for each type of hazardous material.
After identifying a substance using either the Yellow or Blue Pages, you’ll be directed to a specific guide in this section. These guides outline crucial steps for handling incidents, including recommended safety measures, fire-fighting procedures, and first-aid suggestions.
The Orange Pages also provide insights into potential health hazards, helping responders understand the risks involved.
This section is an indispensable resource for first responders and anyone dealing with a hazardous material incident, as it offers the most comprehensive advice on how to manage these situations effectively.


Orange Pages


Green pages provide information on recommended isolation distances and protective actions during incidents involving hazardous materials.Essentially, they tell you how far you should keep people away from the incident to ensure their safety.


This section is particularly useful for first responders, as it helps them make quick decisions about evacuation or shelter-in-place orders.


The Green Pages are structured as tables, generally sorted by the material’s ID number or name, and they include data for various quantities of the hazardous material in question.


Let’s apply!You are a first responder arriving at a scene where a tanker truck has overturned.


The truck has a placard indicating it is carrying ammonia, a hazardous material.


You notice a cloud of gas forming around the area of the truck.


What is the best course of action to take first based on the “Resist, Approach, Stay clear” method?


Emergency Response Guidebook (ERG)

Lesson OverviewIn this lesson, we’ll discuss the following:General safety measures to take in cases of HAZMAT spills or contaminationRequired personal protective equipment (PPE) for HAZMAT spills or contamination


RescueEvacuate the spill area. Provide assistance including the use of safety showers and eyewashes. Seek emergency medial assistance once properly decontaminated.


ConfineConfine the spill area by closing the nearest doors to the spill area. Isolate contaminated persons and do not allow them to leave or spread the contamination. Cover drains to prevent spills from entering the environment.


ReportImmediately report the spill to the appropriate emergency response office as specified in the material specific spill cleanup procedures. Provide information on injured staff, type of hazardous material spilled, estimated quantity, and location.


SecureSecure the area until emergency response personnel arrive to ensure no one enters the spill area. If the area has multiple entrances, be sure to locate staff at all entrances to prevent entry.


Clean UpCleanup must only be conducted by qualified personnel with the appropriate training, protective equipment and cleanup materials. Depending on the nature and size of the spill, trained department or laboratory staff may be able to cleanup the spill. Otherwise emergency response staff are available 24-hours / 7-days a week to respond.


What is the first appropriate action to take following this hazardous material spill?


You are working in a chemical lab when a container of a hazardous material tips over, spilling its contents on the floor and on one of your coworkers.


Response personnel are at risk from hazardous substance vapors, gases, and particulates and must wear appropriate protective gear near the site.
Knowing the site’s hazards aids in selecting the right equipment, which comes in four levels:
Tap the button below to learn more.


Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)


Positive pressure, full face-piece self contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) or positive pressure supplied air respirator with escape SCBA


Inner and outer chemical-resistant gloves


This is a self contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) and is a Level A PPE.


Which of the following is considered Level A PPE?


Personal Protection

In this module, we will cover security guidelines for transporting HAZMAT. Specifically, we will discuss the following:Security plansSecurity measures


Lesson OverviewIn this lesson, we’ll discuss general security plans as outlined by the U.S. Department of Transportation’s Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration.


The Department of Transportation’s (DOT) Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA) is responsible for the safe and secure transportation of HAZMAT.
Every day, tons of HAZMAT are safely transported by air, train, truck, or vessel–in quantities ranging from several ounces to thousands of gallons.
In the wrong hands, however, HAZMAT can pose a significant security threat, particularly those that can be used as weapons of mass destruction.
Addressing this security threat is vital to the safety of U.S. citizens and security of the country’s economy.
Tap the button below to learn more about the different security requirements of HAZMAT transportation.


Security Requirements


An assessment of transportation security risks for shipments of HAZMAT listed in §172.800, including site-specific risks associated with facilities where HAZMAT is prepared for transportation, stored, or unloaded; and measures to address the assessed risks.


Name or job title of senior official responsible for developing and implementing the security plan.


Specific security duties for each position/department responsible for implementing the plan, or a portion thereof, and the process of notifying employees when specific elements must be implemented.


A plan for training HAZMAT employees in accordance with CFR 49 §172.704(a)(4) and (5).


The security plan, including the transportation security risk assessment, must be in writing and retained as long as in effect.


It must be reviewed at least annually, and revised and/or updated as necessary.


It must be available to responsible employees—consistent with security clearance/background investigation/need-to-know.


When updated/revised, the most current copies of the security plan must be maintained, and responsible employees must be notified.


Persons responsible for developing/implementing a security plan must maintain physical and electronic copies that are accessible at/through their place of business, or make available, upon request, to authorized officials of DOT or the Department of Homeland Security.


Which of the following elements are needed in a security plan?


This step of the Risk Management Self-Evaluation Framework refers to ranking or grouping security risks, prioritizing opportunities for security risk reduction, and deciding on preventative actions.


Security Plan

Lesson OverviewIn this lesson, we’ll discuss security measures that  may be implemented or followed as a HAZMAT employer/employee.


Personnel security
Unauthorized access, and
En route security.
The next slides are suggestions on addressing these required elements from the PHMSA that may be considered for inclusion in a security plan.
Tap the button below to learn more.


Suggested Security MeasuresAt a minimum, a security plan must include the following elements:


Use carrier safety ratings, assessments, safety surveys, or audits, and ask the carrier to provide information on security measures it has implemented.


Verify that the carrier has an appropriate employee hiring/review process, including background checks, and an on-going security training program.


Verify the identity of the carrier and/or driver prior to loading hazmat.


Ask the driver for photo identification and a commercial driver’s license for comparison with information provided by the carrier.


Ask the driver to tell you the name of the consignee and the destination for the material and confirm with your records before releasing shipments.


Identify preferred and alternative routing, including acceptable deviations.


Strive to minimize product exposures to communities or populated areas, including downtown areas; avoid tunnels and bridges where possible; and expedite transportation of the shipment to its final destination.


Minimize stops en route; if stopping is a must, select locations with adequate lighting on well-traveled roads, and check the vehicle after each stop to make sure nothing has been tampered with.


Consider using two drivers or driver relays to minimize stops during the trip. Avoid layovers, particularly for high-hazard materials.


Check the carrier’s identity with shipping documents provided by the shipper when products are delivered.
Get to know customers and their hazmat programs. If suspicion arises about shipping or delivering HAZMAT to someone who may intend to use it for a criminal purpose, notify local law enforcement officials or the local FBI office.
Report any suspicious incidents or individuals to local law enforcement officials or the local FBI office.


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